Characteristics of Giant Silkworm Moths and Royal Moths

Even people with no particular love of insects find the giant moths (and caterpillars) of the family Saturniidae fascinating. The name is thought to refer to the large eyespots found on the wings of some species. The eyespots contain concentric rings, reminiscent of the planet Saturns rings. These showy moths are easy to rear in captivity if you can find enough foliage to keep their very hungry caterpillars fed. Physical Characteristics Among the Saturniids, we find the largest moth species in North America: the luna moth, the cecropia moth, the polyphemus moth, the imperial moth, the io moth, the Promethea moth, and the royal walnut moth. The cecropia moth is a giant among giants, with the longest wingspan—a remarkable 5-7 inches—of all. Some Saturniids may seem dwarf-like compared to their gigantic cousins, but even the smallest of the wild silkworm moths measures a respectable 2.5 cm in wide. Giant silkworm moths and royal moths are often brightly colored, which may mislead first-time observers to refer to them as butterflies. Like most moths, however, Saturniids hold their wings flat against their bodies when at rest, and usually have stout, hairy bodies. They also bear feathery antennae (often bi-pectinate in form, but sometimes quadri-pectinate), which are quite conspicuous in males. Saturniid caterpillars are hefty, and often covered with spines or protuberances. These tubercles give the caterpillar a threatening look, but in most cases, theyre quite harmless. Do beware of the io moth caterpillar, though. Its branched spines pack a painful dose of venom and will inflict a long-lasting sting. Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: InsectaOrder: LepidopteraFamily: Saturniidae Diet Adult silkworm and royal moths dont feed at all, and most have only vestigial mouthparts. Their larvae, however, are a different story. The largest caterpillars in this group can exceed 5 inches in length in their final instar, so you can imagine how much they eat. Many feed on common trees and shrubs, including hickories, walnuts, sweetgum, and sumac; some can cause significant defoliation. Life Cycle All giant silkworm moths and royal moths undergo complete metamorphosis with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. In the Saturniids, an adult female may lay several hundred eggs during her brief lifetime, but perhaps only 1% will survive to their own adulthood. This family overwinters in the pupal stage, often in silken cocoons joined to twigs or nestled in a protective envelope of leaves. Special Adaptations and Behaviors Female Saturniid moths invite males to mate by releasing a sex pheromone from a special gland at the end of their abdomens. The male moths are renowned for their determination and unwavering focus on the task of locating the receptive female. They have a keen sense of smell, thanks to their feathery antennae brimming with sensilla. Once a male giant silkworm moth catches a whiff of a females scent, he will not be deterred by foul weather, nor does he let physical obstacles impede his progress. A Promethea moth male holds the long-distance record for following a females pheromones. He flew an incredible 23 miles to find his mate! Home Range References vary greatly in their accounting of how many Saturniid species live worldwide, but most authors seem to accept a number in the range of 1200-1500 species. About 70 species inhabit North America. Sources Family Saturniidae - Giant Silkworm and Royal Moths, Bugguide.net. Accessed January 10, 2013.Saturniidae, Butterflies and Moths of North America. Accessed January 10, 2013.Saturniid Moths, University of Kentucky Entomology. Accessed January 10, 2013.The Wild Silk Moths of North America: A Natural History of the Saturniidae of the United States and Canada, by Paul M. Tuskes, James P. Tuttle, and Michael M. Collins.

Young Girls with Eating Disorders Essay - 1761 Words

You open up a magazine and fine a beautiful woman who is 110 pounds soaking wet. Her eyes are the starring straight at the camera with her thin lips clinched together and her neck slightly raised. This in my most cases is what beauty is brought out to be. Sometimes you have to ask yourself, how many of those girls do you actually see? For others its, how do I become that? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many teen girls suffer with anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder in which girls use starvation diets to try to lose weight. They starve themselves down to skeletal thinness yet still think that they are overweight. Bulimia, meanwhile, is a disorder in which young women binge on food and then force themselves to vomit. They also often use†¦show more content†¦Interestingly enough, girls who are more involved in mixed-sex social activities and dating boys are also more likely to exhibit disordered eating tendencies. (http://www.health.uottawa.ca/hkgrad/mllab/eatdisfg.html). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Thus, eating disorders must be studied in the context of what certain individuals face during their developmental stage, or what they may have suffered in childhood. In general, a combination of the pubertal phase of the female body, the loosening of the individuals ties to parents, and the development of a stable and cohesive personality structure play impacting roles in this process. Families that set high standards for achievement, gave little support for self-direction, and blurred interpersonal boundaries left adolescent girls with deficits in their self-esteem. (http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/n71.asp)It makes sense in a very complex way that young girls who have been abused in this way end up quot;controllingquot; things that are ultimately not good for them. For instance, a young girl who was made to feel powerless in some ways in her family (ex. sexual or physical abuse) may end up feeling a sense of individual identity if she c an quot;controlquot;, for example, when she vomits and when she does not. Now, at least, she can have control over something in her life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Personality factorsShow MoreRelatedEating Disorders : A Young Girl Named Amy1052 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 30, 2015 Worth the Weight A young girl named Amy who was only about 18 years of age, suffered from an eating disorder known as anorexia nervosa. She took time to realize she had an eating disorder, and she was also in denial. Amy thought everyone was just jealous of her self-control to be thin. An eating disorder is generally defined as any range of psychological disorders characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating habits. There are various eating disorders but the three main ones are anorexiaRead MoreThe Effects Of Eating Disorders On Women And Young Girls839 Words   |  4 PagesEating disorders appear to be something that is more common in this country and ignored. Media portrays people do be a certain body frame and it is talked about who has the right body shape and who does not. This makes it extremely difficult for people, especially women. Media and other people put a huge pressure on women and young girls to have a certain body image and shape to be â€Å"beautiful† or more attractive espe cially to the other gender. This can be a lot of the times when eating disordersRead MoreMass Media And The Entertainment Industry949 Words   |  4 Pagesmass media and the entertainment industry should be responsible for causing eating disorders in young girls, while others believe differently. I believe that mass media and the entertainment industry portray beauty in a deadly way, since they establish a false image of a â€Å"perfect† woman. Others think that mass media and the entertainment industry should not be accountable for eating disorders because they argue that young individuals are held responsible for themselves. Society cannot blame somethingRead MoreThe Influence Of Media Reporting On Society s Perception Of Beauty1730 Words   |  7 Pagesthat over the last decade the media has created an image that is unrealistic and unattainable for teenage girls. As such, based upon a macro perspective, the societal roles, status and expectations of young women have been impacted negatively. This paper will analyze how the combination of media reporting, socioeconomics and sociocultural factors contribute to the development of eating disorders as well as how society s perception of beauty has been distorted. This paper will further support the notionRead MoreResponsibility of the Fashion Model Industry1505 Words   |  7 Pageswhat an average young woman views as an ideal image for a female. If you don’t resem ble the images of those stunning Victoria Secret models and Fashion Week models, you suddenly become ashamed of your own body. It is a great life to have with the high pay, fame, drinking champagne on a yacht with famous celebrities and even being on the Vogue cover page. Fashion Modeling Industry has been the most influential source in our young women’s lives. Young girls and young women are seen eating as little asRead MoreWhy Is Unhealthy Perceived As Sexy?1503 Words   |  7 PagesWhy is Unhealthy perceived as sexy? A young teenager sits in her bed watching angels glide across the runway at the Victoria’s Secret Fashion show. These beautiful, skinny, perfect girls dance around the screen as they smile and show off their bodies. The young girl looks at her own body, feeling dread and hatred. She wants to look like the girls on the screen, and she actually believes it is possible. She has been working so hard to get a body that she believes is perfect, and she believes nothingRead MoreThe Problem Of Teenage Girls1343 Words   |  6 PagesThey Are All Beautiful Not a lot of people truly know how hard it is for teenage girls to live up to the standards presented to them. Seventy-four percent of teenage girls say there is a lot of pressure when it come to pleasing everyone (Girls Inc, The Supergirl Dilemma). That percentage is astronomically high. Females this young should not have to worry about things as superficial as looks at this age. Teenage years are supposed to be the best years of a person’s life and time should not be wastedRead MoreThe Between Media And Body Image1348 Words   |  6 PagesSharlene Nagy 12). The media representation of the thin ideal has been connected to the predominance of body image dissatisfaction and dieting disorders. This is also one of the important reason about the connection between the media and body image. This connection is serious because low body image sometimes leads to disordered eating (anorexia, bulimia, binge eating), which in turn can lead to death in the United States. Mass media does not measured healthy habit. It is only measured women waist, hipRead MoreMedia s Portrayal Of Women1155 Words   |  5 Pagesmay feel depresssed and may want to look like the model through unsafe dieting and other eating disorders. The media has affected girls as young as six years old into changing their appearance to look similar to those idealized in television and magazines. The mass media’s portrayal of women today sets standards of beauty that are highly unattainable and unrealistic, leading to an increase of eating disorders and a negative view of self image. People are exposed to as many as two hundred and fiftyRead MoreThe Resaons for Eating Disorders1640 Words   |  7 Pagesthey see on TV. The media has a big part in self-image toward young woman. The message being sent to these women on the media is that they are not pretty enough or thin enough. Which results in people having an eating disorder. According to the National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA), as many as 60 percent of children between ages 6 and 12 worry about weight gain, and half American teens think they’re overweight. (Turner, 2014) Girls want to lose huge amounts of weight because they think they

Report on Sydney Water Company-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a report on Sydney Water Company. Answer: Introduction: Water is the essential part of everyones life. Without water, not a single living thing can survive in this world (Singh 2014). Sydney Water Company is a statutory corporation, which is meant to provide regulated water service to the Australian citizens (Marques, Cruz and Pires 2015). The government owned water supplier are consist of both the legal and enforcing agencies that aids the Sydney water company to regulate the water supply throughout the country. This report of Sydney Water Company is meant to analyze the function of this government owned statutory body and its need for the Australian citizens. The report has checked various advantages and limitation of the Sydney water company and its competition with its rival organisations. To conclude it has provided some notable points that the firm can use to improve their organisational structure, service quality and water supply in the various states of the Australia. Establish history of Sydney Water Company: According to the Economic Water Scarcity, Australia may face serious threat in coming days if it fails to investment in its infrastructure (Qureshi, Hanjra and Ward 2013). It would be hard for the Australia to draw water from aquifers, rivers and other ground or surface water sources due to lack of water treatment plants and technologies. Back in 1888, Board of Water Supply and Sewage was formed in the Sydney (Sydneywater.com.au, 2017). Since then, the name of the organisation has been changed many times, and with the sixth time change in name the Sydney water company, present name came into existence back in 1999 (Hamilton and Penny 2015). Previously it was a corporation, which was a state owned limited company; however, back in 2001 the limited part has been dropped making it a statutory body for regulating water supply in the Australia. Purpose of Sydney Water Company: Sydney Water Company is Australia's biggest water and wastewater specialist organization, and their clients are at the heart of all that they do. They give protected, invigorating drinking water to five million clients crosswise over Sydney, Illawarra and the Blue Mountains (Sydneywater.com.au, 2017). They likewise take care of wastewater, Water recyling, some storm water administrations to guarantee that countrys waterways are solid, and shorelines are perfect. Sydney Water Company is an association cantered around the future, and they work with their partners and controllers to settle on brilliant business choices that guarantee they are doing their part to upgrade our city's maintainability and way of life, now and for quite a long time to come. Principle objectives of the Sydney Water Company are as follows (Chong 2014): Protecting public health Protection to the environment Making the business of Sydney Water Company more profitable Activities done by Sydney Water Company: Sydney Water Supply is one of the largest companies in Australia that provides potable drinking water, storm water and performs water management. It has been operational since 1985 and until now, it has done various activities to bring down the water scarcity in Australia. Some of the recent activities that make the Sydney Water Company best among all are mentioned below (Annual report 2016-2017, 2017): It serves more than 12,700 sq. Kilometres landscape of Australia Now it can produce 551,406 million litres of fresh water for the Australian citizens in a year. More than 4,944,000 Australian people are having benefits of the Sydney Water Supply system. In October 2016, Sydney Water Supply reported a $2.2 billion speculation to construct new foundation and redesign existing resources, with Western Sydney. SWOT analysis of Sydney Water Company: SWOT is the tool that explains the strength, weakness, opportunity and the threat of an organisation (Verboncu and Condurache 2016). Using this external analysis mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, competition and opportunities to grow of Sydney Water Company can easily be discussed. Advantage of Sydney Water Company: Sydney Water Company is one of the best organisations among various other water service providers in Australia. It not only provides potable drinking water but also provides wastewater, storm water and water management service on behalf of the South Wales Government. According to the SWOT analysis of the Sydney Water Company, various advantages of this organisation can be found, which are as follow (Grafton, Chu and Kompas 2015): Sydney Water Company enjoys monopoly in water supplying all around the Sydney since its introduction Sydney Water Company has lot of potential to become the largest supplier of the renewable energy in Australia Produces generous measure of vitality needs from sustainable power source Decreased natural effect on services and products Energy creation utilizing the gasses produced at water treatment plants Disadvantage of Sydney Water Company: Being one of the renowned brand in Australia and the market leader in Sydney, Sydney Water Company has very few disadvantages. The disadvantages are mentioned below: The Sydney Water Company has faced criticism back in 1998 due to Sydney Water Crisis (Troy 2013). Global firm that provides potable drinking water has large amount of operational zone compared to the Sydney Water Company. Owing to the small scale of operation, Sydney Water Company has failed to become a global competitor in the field of water supplying. It has limited amount of flexibility because the Australian government operates it. Competition of Sydney Water Company: The Sydney Water Company has main rivalry from its global counterparts that has large amount of operation throughout the world and can provide the same service as the Sydney Water Company at a lower cost due to their economies of scale. Thus, if the Sydney Water Company wants to hold its position, then it has to become more efficient and more productive in their business. Besides this, it has opportunities to grow its business by providing hydroelectric and natural gas power generation. Conclusion: According to the above analysis, it has been found that Sydney Water Supply has performed really well over the last three decades. It has helped the Australian citizens to have clean drinking water and has substantially enhanced the usage of renewable energy in the country. However, there were cases like Sydney Water Crisis of 1998 that has hampered the growth of this industrial and residential water trading institution, but it managed to overcome the situation owing to its good quality service. To conclude it can be said that Sydney Water Supply is certainly an outstanding organisation, however it need to improve itself in order to withstand the demand of the future generations. Recommendation: Sydney Water Supply is certainly the best organisation that provides clean and potable drinking water to the Australian citizens; however, it has certain limitations and drawbacks. If the firm wants to become the market leader, then it has to be the more potent and need to extend its operations. Some of the recommendations for the Sydney Water Supply Has been provided below, which will help it to become the best firm in the Australia that provides fresh and potable water: Expansion is the key to the growth of any organisation, so does the in case of the Sydney Water Supply. If it wants to become the market leader, then it has to expand its business to the various other states of the country. Better crisis management is required to tackle with the water shortage during the summer seasons. Sydney Water Supply needs to implement their latest renovation plan in order to overcome the water scarcity in future. Sydney Water Supply should be act as an autonomous body rather than working under the whip of government. It would bring clarity and efficiency in the work of the industrial and residential water supply trader. References: Annual report 2016-2017. (2017). [ebook] Sydney: Sydney Water Company. Available at: https://www.sydneywater.com.au/web/groups/publicwebcontent/documents/document/zgrf/mty4/~edisp/dd_168714.pdf [Accessed 15 Dec. 2017]. Chong, J., 2014. Climate-readiness, competition and sustainability: an analysis of the legal and regulatory frameworks for providing water services in Sydney.Water Policy,16(1), pp.1-18. Grafton, R.Q., Chu, L. and Kompas, T., 2015. Optimal water tariffs and supply augmentation for cost-of-service regulated water utilities.Utilities Policy,34, pp.54-62. Hamilton, R. and Penny, D., 2015. Ecological history of Lachlan Nature Reserve, Centennial Park, Sydney, Australia: a palaeoecological approach to conservation.Environmental Conservation,42(1), pp.84-94. Marques, R.C., da Cruz, N.F. and Pires, J., 2015. Measuring the sustainability of urban water services.Environmental Science Policy,54, pp.142-151. Qureshi, M.E., Hanjra, M.A. and Ward, J., 2013. Impact of water scarcity in Australia on global food security in an era of climate change.Food Policy,38, pp.136-145. Singh, P., 2014. Change in Water Cycle-Important Issue on Climate Earth System. In40th COSPAR Scientific Assembly(Vol. 40). Sydneywater.com.au. (2017).Annual Report. [online] Available at: https://www.sydneywater.com.au/SW/about-us/our-publications/annual-report/index.htm [Accessed 15 Dec. 2017]. Sydneywater.com.au. (2017).History of Sydney Water. [online] Available at: https://www.sydneywater.com.au/SW/education/Watermanagement/HistoryofSydneyswater/index.htm [Accessed 15 Dec. 2017]. Troy, P., 2013.Troubled waters: Confronting the water crisis in Australia's cities(p. 217). ANU Press. Verboncu, I. and Condurache, A., 2016. Diagnostics vs. SWOT Analysis.Revista de Management Comparat International,17(2), p.114

Science with ICT

Introduction Literacy is one of the key aspects in career and personal development of almost every individual. It also determines the degree of success achieved by individuals. Literacy can be defined as the ability to read, write, understand or use different types of information. This term has been expanded to refer to a range of knowledge, and skills related to science, and mathematics, among other subjects. This reflects on the changes that have taken place in the last few decades not only on technology but also on the school curriculum.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Science with ICT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technology has gone through deep changes and this has resulted in the use of key science concepts across many occupations. Science has been recognized as one of the most important subject and has become an academic requirement for job recruitment in many occupations. The literacy levels have incr eased significantly compared to the past two decades and many people are now able to participate in the society and even to understand key issues affecting the society. Technology and science encompass all facades of life ranging from how people work, converse, do their shopping or pay out bills. It has become an important aspect of life without which is it difficult to live in the society. This paper looks at the importance of scientific skills and knowledge to an individual, society and the nation at large. It also looks at how the subject has developed from a traditionally to a modern perspective and changes expected to occur in future. Importance of scientific skills While theoretical arguments from the literature on science and innovation suggest that the set of skills scientist acquire during research process may not only be important input into other types of activities, it can be suggested that, the results of research studies have received by far the most attention in innov ation studies. The results show that scientific skills are indeed rated more important than propositional knowledge both for the categories of knowledge classified as specific as well as for non-specific knowledge categories. This indicates that methodological knowledge carries a higher potential for the creation of economic value in areas other than basic research (Terry 2006) The world has become complex and individuals have to acquire some level of proficiency in scientific knowledge as well as reading in order to comprehend and take part in economic and social life. The level of literacy in the society determines the performance of a country in economic terms. The world has also gone through substantial changes from what it was in the past generation. Moreover, through innovation in technology, the procedure for working has been altered, there has been an raise in global competition, and the labour market has developed from being agricultural based and it is now based on service s. These changes among many others have resulted in an increase in the requirement of skills in almost all sectors of the economy (Terry 2006). Scientific skills and knowledge have become a determining factor of how well a country performs in the global economy.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Countries with a large pool of scientific skills are better placed to deal with the challenges that come about with globalization. Also countries that have a population of strong literacy skills and knowledge are better placed to tackle the social challenges they are confronted with. It is alleged that, a populace with high scientific skills is in a superior position to meet the multifaceted challenges of governance in a diverse society. Such a population is also able to take care of its health problems and other related issues. Scientific Literacy Scientific literacy can be defined as the scien tific knowledge possessed by individuals and the application of that knowledge in identifying questions, acquiring new knowledge, explaining scientific happenings, and drawing convincing conclusions on issues related to science. It can also be defined as understanding the features of science, knowledge of science and technology and how it shape materials, and enthusiasm to participate in science correlated issues. This can be summarized in a single term as scientific knowledge. This keeps on changing with time depending on attitudes and skills. Scientific skills need to be updated as technology changes in order to be able to solve problems, make decisions in the rapidly changing world. Students need to become lifelong learners and uphold an intelligence of what goes on in the world. Although specific knowledge attainment is vital in school learning, the relevance of that knowledge in adult life depends critically on the individual’s attainment of broader perceptions and skill s. In reading, the capacity to develop interpretations of written material and to reflect on the content and qualities of text are essential skills. In sciences, being able to reason quantitatively and to correspond to relationships or dependencies is more significant than the ability to answer well-known textbook questions when it comes to deploying scientific skills in everyday life. In science, having specific knowledge, such as the names of specific plants and animals, is of less value than an understanding of broad concepts and topics such as energy consumption, biodiversity and human health in thinking about the issues of science under debate in the adult community. Teaching Science Subject In the present information age that is fuelled by technology, students need not only to understand the concepts and processes of science, but also how to apply the scientific skills acquired in class to become effective members of the rapidly changing world of the 21st century. To be scient ifically literate, a student has to possess a set of scientific skills that merges the knowledge of science concepts and facts and the ability to use language to communicate about these facts. It is therefore the responsibility of teachers to ensure that their students are able to internalize scientific habits, for instance the ability to separate opinion from fact. If students are to become influential adults of the 21st century, who are capable of making informed decisions and taking effective actions, then they must be able and willing to absorb scientific habits into their pattern of thoughts so that such habits become part of their thinking even after leaving school.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Science with ICT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The possession of scientific skills and knowledge has become an important asset in the present generation and it is clear that, it might become more important in the near future. Educators therefore have an opportunity of merging the teaching of both science and language literacy in order to strengthen the students’ skills. Studies have revealed that children’s language can be developed through science and increased knowledge of languages is positively related to the development of scientific ideas. Moreover, researchers have found out that students learn science better if they are able to read and write about their thinking and through this process they are able to acquire new ideas and relationships with prior knowledge. This integration between science and language may also provide a feedback to the writer and encourage personal involvement. Science and language have therefore become inseparable subjects in the learning of scientific facts and also in the application of scientific skills and knowledge. These reciprocal skills give teachers and students a unique leverage: by merging science and language in the classroom, teac hers can help students learn both subjects more effectively. Scientific Skills and Experiments Through research, it has become clear that students learn better when they experience something by doing it practically instead of reading it in class or from the text-book. When students act like scientists, they make use of language to recognize, organize and internalize scientific concepts and principles. Science is a practical subject that can only be understood clearly through experiments. Experiments provide literacy opportunities for science students that help them enrich the context and effectively expand their personal structures of science knowledge by improving their language skills. Research has shown that true learning takes place only when students engage with information and processes deeply enough to weave that content into their personal views and understandings of how the world works. The use of experiments or practical applications gives equal weight to knowledge and ski lls, scientific facts, and processes. It emphasizes concepts more than rote formulas and learning science in a personal and social context rather than through abstractions (Ward, et al 2008). Teachers must rely on students’ language skills if they are to succeed in taking students beyond the formulaic aspects of science. By embedding an inquiry within both the context of students’ lives and string science content, and then sequencing investigations as part of a larger curricula design, teachers can reach their instructional goals for science and English at the same time.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Introduction of Science as a Core Subject The introduction of the science subject into the curriculum was faced with many challenges. However, it is one of the success stories of the National Curriculum. The biggest surprise for many teachers, especially the primary school teachers, was the inclusion of science as a core subject. Since its inception, the progress in terms of the amount and quality of science work going on in primary classrooms has changed considerably. A valuable aspect of the development of science has been the increasing interest in and understanding of the nature of children’s learning in science. The framework for analyzing learning of skills and processes, knowledge and understanding and attitudes, articulated by early science curriculum developers remains appropriate in the current climate. However, research carried out in 1990s provided new insights into the relationship between these dimensions (Meadows 2004). Most of the scientific research is aimed at addressing the question of how young children learn to behave scientifically and how their scientific ideas about the world around them develop. Research project have pointed out that learners actively construct ideas for themselves and that existing ideas that student bring to the classroom have s significant influence on the development of new ideas. They place emphasis upon the inextricable links between the process skills students’ use and the concepts they develop. Scientific activity involves exploratory work, which ideally will lead to questions that can be investigated systematically. Crucially, these approaches take children’s existing ideas seriously, using them as the basis for deciding upon appropriate teacher interventions aimed at supporting learners in using their skills and the processes of science to test out their own or other people’s ideas. Before the introduction of science as a core subject in the school curriculum, good practice in scie nce was evident in some classrooms and schools. However, with the introduction of science as a core subject, teachers have become competent at identifying opportunities for science experiences for their students within the classroom and beyond. They are now able to plan appropriate science activities within an integrated curriculum as well as focusing at times on specific science topics (Meadows 2004). The debate concerning the relationship between process and content, skills and knowledge and understanding, have been ongoing for many years. Government intervention in the curriculum has led to the science education community becoming a much more unified voice seeking to defend the importance of process and skills in the curriculum. It has not been an easy battle and has not been one with some set-backs; however the profession has somehow won. Science Curricula in the 21st Century In the past century, the content of science curricula was dominated by the desire to provide the foundat ions for the professional training of a small number of scientists and engineers. However, with the growing role of science and technology in the 21st century, the objectives of personal fulfilment, employment and full participation in the society require all people (not only those aspiring for scientific careers) to be scientifically and technologically literate. Science literacy has become an important aspect in the understanding the environment, economy, and other issues affecting the modern society, which are directly related to the technological and scientific advances. In the past, science was a subject that was only studied by people aspiring to be scientists or engineers but with the changes brought about by technology, it has become a subject that is studied by all people of all ages. it does not matter the career that one aspires to specialize in, but mere knowledge of scientific facts and aspects is crucial if one wants to become an effective member of the society. Moreov er, a country’s performance of best students in scientific subjects may have an implication on the part played by that country in the future’s advanced technology sector, and in its global competitiveness. On the contrary, deficiencies in scientific literacy can have negative consequences on the labour market, earning prospects and participation in the society. As a result, educators and policy-markers have attached great importance in the study of scientific subjects in the school curriculum. Most of the science subjects such as chemistry, biology, and mathematics have compulsory for students in many schools unlike before when students were allowed to choose for themselves and it did matter whether they decided to take any science subject or not. Addressing the increasing demand for scientific skills requires excellence throughout the curriculum, and it is important to monitor how well countries provide young adults with fundamental skills in this area. The Future of the Science Subject The role of science subjects and consequently, the role of science educators in the curriculum have undergone evident changes within the last few years. The past two decades have seen an ongoing debate on the future of science subject in the school curriculum. The argument that sciences can no longer be retained in the traditional manner within the curriculum holds true. As the curriculum evolves, conventional courses should give way to new system of basic science instruction, recognizing that transformation in the classical ideology of basic science teaching is crucial to its subjects sustaining their position within the new curriculum. Indeed, the concept of transformation brings with it, the contemplation of identity within a new environment of schools (Ward, et al 2008). With a dissolution of input-based curricula that nurtured the traditional format of basic teaching, the challenge that now presents is that of teaching an old subject in a new world. Educator s have a growing responsibility therefore, to produce well-educated, competent scientists who are able to professionally and effectively function within the new environment. They should be able to translate scientific discoveries into practical applications and utilize electronic information technologies. A basic science course is defined by its objective in providing fundamental scientific theories and concepts necessary for application in later years. Traditionally, subjects included anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and pathology. The current teaching model includes genetics, cell and molecular biology, nutrition, and energy metabolism. Basic science subjects that have traditionally been pure content are now being utilized in order to incorporate the new trend toward holistic education. Holistic education is aimed towards encouraging intellectual, social, creative and emotional development during the learning process. One of the major factors impacting on the style of teaching is the concept of learning towards a more active learning environment. In this situation the students can learn to restructure the new information and their prior knowledge into new knowledge (Terry 2006). Changes in the approaches to science teaching are paralleled with advancements in technology. The development of more powerful computers, video cards, simulation technology and high speed internet connections has allowed educators to incorporate high quality imaging, interactive training modules, and learning experiments in the classrooms. Conclusion Science is a core subject in the curriculum. It is one of the subjects that have acquired great importance not only in the development of individual life but also the development of the society at large. Traditionally, science was only pursued by students who aspired to take scientific careers such as doctors and engineers. However, with technological advancement this has changed and every student is required to take at least one scienc e subject. It has been found out that, scientific skills and knowledge are important in career development as well as the development of a nation. A country with students that perform well in science subjects is better placed to deal with the challenges that are likely to present themselves in the near future. It has also been found that, basic scientific knowledge and skills are important in dealing with issues related to health or matters of public policies. Many organizations therefore require the possession of basic scientific skills in their recruitment process. Science has gone through substantial changes in the curriculum and its still evolving. Before the introduction of science as a core subject, teachers relied entirely on the text-book but this has changed. They have now realized that; science does not only require the understanding of basic aspects and facts but also how to apply these aspects in a real life situations. Experiments have now become an integral part in the teaching of the science subject and teachers are now relying on the use of experiments to help students understand the subject better. Changes in technology are likely to bring about changes in the approaches used in teaching and it’s therefore upon policy makers and educators to implement such changes as they occur. Reference List Meadows, J., 2004. Science and ICT in the Primary School: A Creative Approach to Big Ideas. London, Fulton. Terry, J., 2006. Thinking Skills Science. London, Hopscotch Educational. Ward, H. et al., 2008. Teaching Science in the Primary Classroom. London, SAGE Publications Ltd. This essay on Science with ICT was written and submitted by user Samiya Fleming to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.